Best Linux Distributions

Linux distributions can be divided into many categories. They are.......

#1^st Category: General Use       

Ubuntu (Based on - Debian)

       One of the most popular general-use distributions with one of the largest selections of software.

Fedora (Based on - Red hat, Oriented from - It self )

             The most cutting-edge general-use distribution on a 6-month release cycle. It's cutting edge in two

             ways: new versions of software, and it use new software before other distributions use them.

Open SUSE (Based on - It self, Oriented from - Slowkware)

A stable, general-use distribution for everyone that excels in enterprise environments. openSUSE includes a few different defaults such as it’s package manager and the KDE desktop environment

Debian (Based on - It self, Oriented from - It self )

One of the most stable distributions in existence, with a large selection of software. It is often used as the base of many other distributions.

Linux Mint (Based on - Debian, Oriented from - It self )

A highly-customized distribution that includes many features out-of-the-box that other distributions do not, including codecs. Linux Mint has such a large following that it’s starting to look toward going in its own direction.

Mandriva Linux (Based on - Red hat, Oriented from -  Mavdrova)

Back in the day, one of the most popular distributions when it was known as “Mandrake Linux”. A great general-use distribution which uses custom themes and system tools.

PC Linux OS (Based on - It self, Oriented from - It self )

Another general-use distribution that combines technologies from different distributions to present an overall great experience.

Linpus Linux (Based on - Red hat, Oriented from - It self )

A general-use distribution that has specialized themes and apps for an easier overall user experience

Pinguy (Based on - Ubuntu, Oriented from - It self )

A general-use distribution that comes with anumberofcustomizationstomake an easier out-of-the-box experience.

Slackware (Based on: Itself; Originiated from: Itself)

      One of the oldest living distributions, Slackware allows plenty of configuration and is a great general-use

      distribution. It requires some knowledge of Linux and isn’t recommended for new users.

Gentoo (Based on: Itself)

        A general-purpose distribution that is centered around machine-specific optimization. Until recently, all                                                softwarewas compiled on the system rather than installing binaries. Not recommended for new users.

#2^nd  Category: minimal Use

Arch Linux (Based on - It self, Oriented from - It self ) 
     A minimal rolling-release general-use distribution where you install only what you want or need. It’s highly    cutting-edge and there are no default installations. Most customizations are done manually in text files

Puppy Linux (Based on - It self, Oriented from - It self )
      A very small distribution that uses an extremely low amount of resources. Great for older systems or those that need every drop of power for their tasks. Compatible with: Slackware, Ubuntu, others with Woof tool
Bodhi Linux (Based on: Ubuntu)
    A great lightweight alternative for systems that can’t run other desktop environments. Still very functional and relatively elegant.

#3^rd Category: Commercial  Use

Red Hat (Based on - Fedora, Oriented from - It self ).
     A commercial solution from Red Hat for a great enterprise system, both desktop and server. Costs of the distribution come from support packages.
SUSE Enterprise Linux

    One of two preferred enterprise systems for most Linux administrators. SUSE includes plenty of tools to make the admin’s job a lot easier.

#4^th Category: Enterprise

Cent OS (Based on - Red hat, Oriented from - It self ) 
   A great, free clone of Red Hat Enterprise Linux for a pure, stable enterprise system.

#5^th Category: Like Mac os X

Pear OS (Based on - Ubuntu, Debian )
   A very beautiful general-use distribution that mimics the look, feel, and functionality of Apple’s Mac OS X.

#6^th Category: Like Microsoft

Zorin OS (Based on – Ubuntu)
     A general-use distribution that mimics the look, feel, and functionality of Windows. This is geared for those who prefer the Windows interface or need an easier way to transition from Windows to Linux.

#7^th Category: Special Use

Joli OS (Based on – Ubuntu)
    A distribution aimed for use on netbooks and working with different cloud services. Who needs ChromeOS?
ArtistX (Based on – Ubuntu) 
     A specialized distribution that includes virtually every single multimedia application for Linux that you can think of. Great for work on images, sounds, and videos.
Parted Magic
      A distribution aimed specifically at partitioning your hard drives, but includes plenty of other features that make it more of a rescue disc than a lone partitioning tool.
GPated (Based on - Ubuntu, Debian )
       A distribution made especially for partitioning hard drives. The distribution comes as a LiveCD only and contains only the GParted partitioning software and a console.

Back Track  Linux (Based on – Ubuntu Originated from: Whoppix) 
    A fantastic distribution that is specialized for network penetration testing and security auditing. It includes all kinds of software and needed patches to do.


Source: Makeuseof.com (http://www.makeuseof.com)

LINUX

Linux is computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development and distribution. The defining component of Linux is the Linux kernel.

Linus Torvalds

 Kernel is the core functionality of an operating system, it translates commands from other software directly to the hardware interfaces.
An operating system kernel first released October 5, 1991 by Linus Torvalds.

Linux was originally developed as a free operating system for Intel x86-based personal computers. It has since been ported to more computer hardware platforms than any other operating system. It is a leading operating system on servers and other big iron systems such as mainframe computers and super computers more than 90% of today's 500 fastest super computers run some variant of Linux including the 10 fastest.

Linux also runs on embedded systems such as mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers, televisions and video game consoles; the Android system in wide use on mobile devices is built on the Linux kernel.

Free Linux Logo

The development of Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source software collaboration: the underlying source code may be used, modified, and distributed—commercially or non-commercially—by anyone under licenses such as the GNU General Public License. Typically Linux is packaged in a format known as aLinux distribution for desktop and server use

The popularity of Linux on standard desktop computers and laptops has been increasing over the years. Currently most distributions include a graphical user environment, with the two most popular environments being GNOME (which can utilize additional shells such as the default GNOME Shell and Ubuntu Unity), and the KDE Plasma Desktop.

Linux and most GNU software are licensed under the GNU General Public License(GPL). The GPL requires that anyone who distributes Linux must make the source code (and any modifications) available to the recipient under the same terms. Other key components of a software system may use other licenses; many libraries use the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), a more permissive variant of the GPL, and the X.org implementation of the X Window System uses the MIT License.

why the Linux os is free

What is the root cause of the Linux operating system to be free? The cause is in license. All free operating systems use GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) and FLOSS software. What am I saying?  What’s GNU & FLOSS. Let’s see…….

GNU

The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!”. "GNU" is pronounced "g'noo"

Logo of GNU

The GNU Project, started in 1983 by Richard Stallman, had the goal of creating a "complete Unix-compatible software system" composed entirely of free software. Work began in 1984. Later, in 1985, Stallman started the Free Software Foundation and wrote the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) in 1989. By the early 1990s, many of the programs required in an operating system (such as libraries,compilers, text editors, a Unix shell, and a windowing system) were completed, although low-level elements such as device drivers, daemons, and the kernel were stalled and incomplete.

FLOSS

The Free/Libre/Open Source Software community, which is also known as FLOSS. FLOSS software comes completely free of charge and everyone is entitled to look at the source code and modify it as he pleases.GNU General Public  license used in the FLOSS community, that’s why it is free. You heard that the source code of Floss softwares are free.

This means that skilled developers from around the world contribute their work either for free, or via sponsorships from companies like Canonical or IBM. But you can improve the software as well.Microsoft‟s Windows source code is not available to anyone but Microsoft employees, and it constitutes a felony to decompile or reverse engineer it. You can‟t build your own Windows kernel, fix bugs, or distribute an improved version of Windows that you created.

Richard Stllman 

Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software. More precisely, it refers to four kinds of freedom, for the users of the software:

1.             The freedom to run the program, for any purpose

2.          The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs

3.          Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

4.         The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor

5.         The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits

 6.        Access to the source code is a precondition for this.                                 

“The word "free" in our name does not refer to price; it refers to freedom. First, the freedom to copy a program and redistribute it to your neighbors, so that they can use it as well as you. Second, the freedom to change a program, so that you can control it instead of it controlling you; for this, the source code must be made available to you.” –Free Software Definition by Richard Stallman

Where the os is free

Where? A computer operating system is free! when the last windows operating system named Windows7 costs about more than 80$. And Mac os x costs 29$.

I don’t think that you say this as you are reading a blog at Blogger. I say you know much about Internet & particularly about computer. So I don’t think that you don’t hear the word “Linux”.  Many of us know that linux operating systems are free, But few know detail about that or wishing to get linux os but don’t know how to get or in a fear of understanding to operate. This is for those people. I’m trying to them to know about linux. Let’s see…

What is the OS APPRAISER about

The word 'Appraiser' means who find the value of something and the word 'os' is the abbreviation of Operating system . But this Blog is not the evaluator of Operating system. In this blog I'll try to inform about Operating System which is Free , I mean Specially Linux Operating System . But other will also provide.  Stay in connection Somethings Valuable are waiting.